Ejector



March 25 1924. 1,488,135-

H. F. SCHMIDT Y EJECTOR Filed Nov. 5, 1920 WITNESSES:

Patented Mar. 255, l d.

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HENRY F. SCHIEIDT, OF SXVAPVTHMOBJE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB TO WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC 8:; MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORZPQRATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

EJECTOR.

Application filed November 5, 1920. Serial No. 421,997.

T all whom it may concern: vantages in the use of this type of evac- Be it known that I, HENRY F. SGHIJ'IDT, uating device are marked and are due largea citizen of the Unitec States. and a resident ly to the energytranstormation taking of Swarthmorc. in the county 0t Delaware place in the vortex chamber which remains and State of Pennsylvania, have invented substantially constant regardless of the 'vol- 60 a new and useful Improvement in Ejectors, ume of fluid delivered. thus producing a of which the following is a specification. uniform efficiency of the ejecting mocha My invention relates to ejecting devices nism under widely varying load conditions. and it has particular reference to devices A construction embodying this means of 10 employed in exhausting fluid such as air evacuating fluids is disclosed in U. S. Patent 65 from a receptacle to be evacuated, or in No. 1,237,219, granted August 14:, 1917 to compressing fluid such as air from a region the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturf lower to a region of higher pressure. ing Company on an application filed by An object of my invention is to produce myself. In this patent. I employ two an- 15 an ejecting mechanism in which means are nular ejectors, a central radial ejector de- 70 employed for maintaininq" the operation of llvering the motive fluid and entrained gases the device substantially constant for practo a surrounding annular ejector to which tically all varying conditions. motive fluid is supplied independently of A further object is to produce a steam the motive fluid of the central ejector. The

actuated ejector which is more compact and second ejector delivers the mixed fluids to an 75 consequently has a greater capacity for a annular vortex chamber, thence to a volute given size and Weight than other ejectors dlscharge chamber and to the atmosphere. now in use and known to me. The present application. covers an improve A. further object is to produce a steam ment upon my earlier construction presented actuated ejector in which the motive fluid in the above mentioned patent and comprises, 80 or steam delivery nozzles are so arranged among other features, a provision of guiding and located that the streams of motive fluid vanes within the vortex chamber, dividinii issuing from them combine while traveling: the vortex chamber into a number of difi'ii in substantially the same direction and sion chambers. These vanes are so disposed thereby eliminate shock and eddy losses within the vortex chamber as to correspond 85 which are inherent in other ejectors now to the stream lines which would exist in in use and known to me. a tree vortex. By this arrangement. the

These and other objects which will be tendency toward upsetting or breaking down made apparent throughout the further deof pressure at the discharge portion of the script-ion of the invention are attained by vortex due to eddying of the fluids and to no means of apparatus herein described and other causes is reduced to a minimum,

illustrated in the accompanying drawings The apparatus illustrated consists of a i whi h two-stage ejector. The first stage includes Figure 1 is'a vertical sectional view of an an annular nozzle 7. which is adapted to tag jector embodying my invention. deliver motive fluid in the form of a discon Figure 2 is a sectional view along the shaped jet into and through a chamber 8 line IIII of Fig. 1. which is provided with an inlet port 9. The Figure 3 is a fragmental sectional view inlet port 9 is arranged to communicate corresponding to Fig.1 and illustrating with a condenser or other apparatus to be an arrangement of guide or diffusion vanes evacuated. The jet of motive fluid delivered we which may be employed in the velocityby the nozzle 7, after traversing a free space conversion passage forming a part of the within the chamber 8, is delivered to an apparatus. annular diffusion passage 10. Before enter- Figure 4 is a sectional View illustrating ing this passage, the fluid traverses an annu- '50 a modification of construction shown in lar combining chamber 11, the converging we Figs. 1 and 2. walls of which are formed by nozzles 12 It has been heretofore proposed to evacand 13. The nozzles 12and 13 are located uate non-condensible gases from a surface on opposite sides of the inlet of the annular condenser, for example, by means of a twochamber 10 and both are arranged to destage radial-flow type of ejector. The ad= liver disc-shaped jets of motive fluid into no the passage 10 thus constituting the second stage. Motive fluid, such steam, is delivered to the nozzle '4' through a port 1 1 and is delivered to the nozzles 12 and 13 through the ports 15, which communicate with an annular steam chamber 16. The annular outlet of the passage 10 communicates with a collecting chamber 1?, which may be so constructed as to form a volute chamber having a discharge port 17.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: Motive fluid delivered to the nozzles '4', 12 and 13. The nozzle 7 is preferably so constructed that it expands the motive fluid traversing it to substantially the pressure normally existing within the chamber 8, and both of the nozzles 12 and 13 are so constructed that they expand the motive fluid traversing them to substantially the pressure encountered at their outlet, or at the inletto the passage 10. The motive fluid issuing from the nozzle 7, in traversing the tree space oi the chamber 8, entrains air or fluid to be ejected. The motive fluid and the entrained fluid are subjected to the pressure conversion in traversing the chamber 11. After leaving the chamber 11, the motive fluid discharged from the nozzle 7 and the fluid entrained by it are in turn entrained by the motive fluid delivered from the nozzles 12 and 13, and the mixture of entraining and entrained fluid is then delivered to the passage 10.

In Figure 1, I show the passage 10 provided with separate guide or diffusing vanes 18, which cooperate with each other to divide the passage 10 into a number of diffusion chambers. As illustrated, the vanes 18 are inclined so that they form passages which conform in direction to the line of direction of the fluid issuing from the nozzles 12 and 13, it being understood that the nozzles 12 and 13 are provided with tangential fluid directing vanes 19. It will, of e i ursc, be understood that the angle of the vanes 18 may be varied to correspond with variations in the angle of the vanes 19, and that the vanes 18 may preferably be hinged at their inner ends, as at E. If the nozzles 12 and lo are provided with no vanes, the vanes 18 will preferably extend radially.

In Fig. 3, I show the passage 10 provided with spiral vanes 18 ot a form corresponding to the stream lines in a vortex. I have also shown. these vanes hinged at E so that each is capable of swinging about its hinge and of thereby varying the cross-sectional area of the passage to correspond to the quantity of fluid passing through it. With this arrangement, the ejector is capable of automatically adjusting itself for diflerent rates of flow.

lVhile l have described the apparatus and the several modifications as a two-stage ejector, it will be understood that a singlestage ejector may be employed which embodies the fundamental principles herein described. For example, the nozzles 12 and 13 may be omitted and the walls of the chamber 8 may be so formed as to provide the convergent combining chamber 11 at the entrance to the passage 10. It will also be apparent that the nozzle 7 may be provided with directing vanes, if desired. In Figure 6, I. show a view corresponding to Fig. 1, from which the nozzles 12 and 13 are omitted, and in which the nozzle 7 is provided with tangential v: nes tor the purpose of imparting a whirling motion to the discshapcd jet oft motive fluid delivered by it.

The operation of all terms of my device is substantially the same, a 1d has been suiticiently described with reference to the construction shown in several figures. It is readily apparent from the above description of the construction and mode of operation it the improved ejecting device that a greater stability in the operation of a radial-flow ejector is secured by the provision of guiding vanes in the vortex chamber arranged to conform to the stream lines which naturally exist in a tree vortex. This arrangement combines the advantages gained by employing a centrifugal compression chamber and ditlnsion tubes. Furthermore, the eddying of the streams of; radially moving fluid is thereby minimized and asubstantial uniform pressure at th peripheral discharge port of the vortex chamber is secured.

While I have shown my invention in several terms, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible of various other changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are imposed by the prior art or as are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

What I claimis 1. An apparatus of the character described comprising, a chamber communicating with a source of medium to be compressed, stationary means tor delivering a disc-shaped jet of expansive impelling fluid through a portion of the chamber, stationary means for effecting a compression of the combined media and fluid issuing from said chamber, and adjustable means including streamline guide vanes for guiding the media and fluid through said compression means.

2. An apparatus of the character described comprising, a chamber communicating wit a source of medium to be compressed, stationary means for delivering a disc-shaped jet of expansive impelling fluid through a portion of the chamber, stationary means for eflecting a compression of the combined media and fluid issuing from said chamber, and} pivotally recanted guide vanes for guiding the media and fluid through said compression means.

3. In an ejector having an annular diffuser, means including stream-line vanes in said diffuser for guiding fluids therethrough and for varying the area of the passage in accordance with variation in the quantity of fluids passing through the diffuser.

4:. In an apparatus of the character described, means for efiecting a preliminary compression of fluid medium to be expelled, comprising a combining passage in open communication with a source of fluid medium to be expelled, and at least one motive fluid delivery nozzle for expanding motive fluid and for delivering the fluid so expanded into and through said passage, in

combination With means for subjecting the fluid medium issuing from said combining passage to further compression, comprising stationary motive fluid delivery means for expanding motive fluid and for delivering the fluid so expanded at a high velocity and in the form of a disc-shaped jet, stationary means surrounding said fluid deliver means and in open communication with said passage for receiving the disc-shaped jet of motive fluid and the fluid entrained thereby and for eflfecting a conversion of the velocity energy of the combined fluid passing therethrough into potential energy as represented by an increase iii-pressure, means including adjustable stream-line vanes for guiding the fluid through said means, a stationary collecting chamber surrounding the last mentioned stationary means and receiving the fluid discharged therefrom, and means for delivering expansive motive fluid to said nozzle and to said motive fluid delivery means.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this first day of November, 1920.

HENRY F. SCHMIDT. 

